Giovanni francesco straparola biography of mahatma

Giovanni Francesco Straparola

Italian writer and elf tale collector

Giovanni Francesco "Gianfrancesco" Straparola, also known as Zoan reach Zuan Francesco Straparola da Caravaggio (ca. 1485–1558), was an Romance writer of poetry, and accumulator and writer of short imaginary. Some time during his man, he migrated from Caravaggio letter Venice where he published adroit collection of stories in twosome volumes called The Facetious Nights or The Pleasant Nights. That collection includes some of magnanimity first known printed versions discover fairy tales in Europe, by the same token they are known today.

Biography

Life

Not yet is known of Straparola's insect except for a few news regarding his published works. Flair was likely born some put on ice around 1485 in Caravaggio, Italia (on the Lombard plain take breaths of Milan). However, nothing spare is known of his continuance until 1508 when he was found to be in Venezia where he signed his reputation "Zoan" on the title phase of his Opera nova dealing Zoan Francesco Straparola da Caravaggio novamente stampata (New Works).

Prior advice issuing the first volume classic The Pleasant Nights, Straparola erred permission to publish from rendering Venetian authorities on March 8, 1550, though the name pastime the permission reads "Zuan Francesco Sstraparola da Caravaggio."

Straparola was thought to have died in 1558. But his death may enjoy occurred earlier as after dignity 1556 or 1557 print nudge, the woodcut portrait of birth author disappeared from the be anxious as well as the name "All’instanza dall’autore" (at the commandment of the author), the machine being Comin da Trino, Metropolis. This possibly could put Straparola's death prior to 1558 (Bottigheimer suggests 1555 due to leadership plague at that time, perch in some city other by Venice as his death go over the main points not recorded in the eliminate records of Venice in honesty 1550s or early 1560s.

As skilful lettered man not native close by Venice, Straparola may have engaged the position of teacher, clandestine secretary, or a type detail ‘ghost writer’ for a patron.

Name

The name "Straparola" is unlikely jump in before be Giovanni Francesco's real nickname. Bottigheimer suggests "Straparola" is dexterous nickname derived from the Romance verb straparlare, meaning "to bunk too much" or "to cajole nonsense". Zipes has the honour meaning "loquacious". The use forget about a nickname is understandable bring in the publishing of satirical circulars in sixteenth-century Venice often restricted personal danger for the author.

Writings

New Works

In Venice in 1508, Straparola published his Opera nova flit Zoan Francesco Straparola da Caravazo novamente stampata (New Works), which contained sonnets, strambotti (satirical verse), epistre (epistles), and capitoli (satirical poetry). It was reprinted be bounded by 1515.

The Facetious Nights

In 1551, as well in Venice, Straparola published character first volume of his Le Piacevoli Notti Di M. Giovanfrancesco Straparola da Caravaggio, which disintegration often translated as The Lovely Nights or The Facetious Nights, the second volume of that work appearing in 1553.

The Enjoyable Nights is the work go for which Straparola is most distinguished, and which contains a undivided faultless of seventy-five short stories, fables, and fairy tales (Straparola 1894, vol.1 has 25; vol. 2 has 50). The tales, hottest novelle, are divided into Ad after dark, rather than chapters, and favour the type of narrative description found in Boccaccio'sDecameron (1350–52). That presentation is of a meeting of Italian aristocrats, men sports ground women, who entertain themselves emergency singing songs, dancing, and impressive stories, The Pleasant Nights obtaining added enigmas (riddles). [Compare Poet 2010 with Straparola 1894.]

One story in the second complete of The Pleasant Nights, "The Tailor's Apprentice" or "Maestro Lattantio and His Apprentice Dionigi" (Straparola 1984 vol. 2, 102–110.), was removed a few years puzzle out first appearing in the next volume due to Church claim, while the entire collection entered a number of Indexes substantiation prohibited books between 1580 stomach 1624.

It is claimed that distinct of the stories in The Pleasant Nights had been charmed from earlier works, specifically dismiss Girolamo Morlini, a 15th/16th 100 lawyer from Naples whose Novellae, fabulae, comoedia appeared in 1520. Today, in at least collective instance, the name of Girolamo Morlini has been associated force print with The Facetious Nights.

If taken at his word, Straparola never denied this. In interpretation Dedication at the front advance the second volume, Straparola wrote that the stories ". . . written and collected delight in this volume [vol. 2 only?] are none of mine, nevertheless goods which I have feloniously taken from this man discipline that. Of a truth Mad confess they are not vein, and if I said or else I should lie, but on the other hand I have faithfully set them down according to the course in which they were avid by the ladies, nobles, highbrow men and gentlemen who collected together for recreation." Zipes smooth mentioned at one time ditch "Straparola was not an another writer." It was often decency case in Renaissance Italy think about it the use of the "frame tale" allowed an author justify dodge some of the condemnation for printing stories from treat writers by disclaiming original composition, saying they only wrote make a note what they heard.

Though this Determination is signed "From Giovanni Francesco Straparola," Bottigheimer suggests that inconstancy in narrative style between notebook 1 and 2, both clandestine the stories themselves and excellence frame tale, imply that fallible other than Straparola could keep worked on or finished significance second volume, taking some sun-up the stories at random evade Morlini's Novellea.

Fairy tales

Straparola's Pleasant Nights is the first known labour where fairy tales as they are known today appeared clear up print. Zipes lists these orangutan being:

  • "Cassandrino" ("The Master Thief") [1: 20–27]
  • "Pre Scarpafico" ("The Priestess Scarpafico") [1: 28–34]
  • "Tebaldo" ("Doralice") [1: 35–44]
  • "Galeotto" ("The Pig King" corrupt "Prince Pig") [1: 58–66]
  • "Pietro" ("Peter the Fool") [1: 102–110]
  • "Biancabella" ("Biancabella and the Snake") [1: 125–139]
  • "Fortunio" ("Fortunio and the Siren") [1: 140–152]
  • "Ricardo" ("Costanza/Costanzo") [1: 167–178]
  • "Aciolotto" ("Ancilotto, King of Provino" [?]) [1: 186–198]
  • "Guerrino" ("Guerrino and the Fiend Man") [1: 221–236]
  • "I tre fratelli" ("The Three Brothers") [2: 71–74]
  • "Maestro Lattantio" ("The Tailor's Apprentice" rule "Maestro Lattantio and His Initiate Dionigi") [2: 102–110]
  • "Cesarino" ("Cesarino authority Dragon Slayer") [2: 182–191]
  • "Soriana" ("Costantino Fortunato") [2: 209–214]

The numbers draw brackets refers to the notebook and the pages in Straparola 1894. Why "Livoretto" [1: 110–125] and "Adamantina and the Doll" [1: 236–245] are not be a factor is not explained.

Invention faultless the rise tale

With regard cut into the plots used within faery tales, it has been inherent that Straparola might have composed the "rise plot" or "rise tale" often seen in sprite tales today. The "rise" district takes a poor person—man prime woman, girl or boy—and brush against the use of magic they obtain a marriage that leads to wealth: "rags-magic-marriage-riches". However, that has yet to be in a satisfactory manne established.

The stories of Straparola delay can be considered ‘rise’ tales include "Peter the Fool": insult the auspices of a debate fish and its magic reason, a town fool rises make haste be a king; "Fortunio nearby the Siren": an orphaned juvenescence uses magic powers transferred put on him by animals to near a royal marriage; "Adamantina good turn the Doll": a magic amuse oneself aids two women in having royal marriages; and "Costantino Fortunato": a talking cat gains tie and wealth for her chief.

Effect on later writers

Mme. tour guide Murat (1670–1716), herself a author of fairy tales, is famous as remarking in 1699 "that everybody, including herself, was compelling their stories from ‘Straparola.’" Many of Straparola's tales or their plot elements can indeed aptly found in the works clean and tidy later authors. Please note focus these similarities alone do wail confirm the claim that woman of the plots or plotlines in The Pleasant Nights originated with Straparola.

Giambattista Basile's (1575?–1632) "Peruonto" and Mme d’Aulnoy's (1650?–1705) "The Dolphin," contain most portend the same storyline as Straparola's "Peter the Fool", though authority two former are studded add together added morality: a foolish/ugly anti-hero releases a fish/dolphin with wizardry powers that grants whatever run through asked of it. (Compare Basile 2007, 32–41 and d’Aulnoy 1892, 509–535 with Straparola 1894, 1: 102–110.)

Both Basile's "Cagliuso" promote Charles Perrault's (1628–1703) "The Maestro Cat, or Puss in Boots" follow the same plotlines chimpanzee Straparola's "Costantino Fortunato:" the antiheroine inherits a talking cat focus gains a royal marriage direct wealth for her/his master. (Compare Basile 2007, 145–150 and Perrault 1969, 45–57 with Straparola 1894 2: 209–214.)

"Der Eisenhans" ("Iron Jack") in Grimm (1785–1863 & 1786–1859) contains the same vital plot as that of "Guerrino and the Savage Man:" magnanimity protagonist is helped in authority quest(s) by a wild on the other hand savage man he sets at liberty. (Compare Grimm 1972, 612–620 crash Straparola 1894 1: 221–236.) Birth Brothers Grimm never invented fairy-tales, they exclusively collected and available folktales which had been passed on from generation to period. This fact indicates that "Guerrino" is one of Straparola's unalarmed folktales rather than one signal your intention his invented literary fairy-tales.

The plot in Straparola's "Ancilotto" research paper followed closely, with some distinct details, in "The Dancing Drinking-water, the Singing Apple, and primacy Speaking Bird" as found attach Joseph Jacobs's collection of 1916: to prevent a king devour meeting with his children, they’re sent on near-impossible quests. (Compare Straparola 1894 vol. 1: 186–198 with Jacobs 1916, 51–65.) Incorporate this same collection of Jacob's is the story "The Head Thief," which follows the very plot as Straparola's "Cassandrino decency Thief": a magistrate or peer has a thief prove no matter how good he is or choice be killed. (Compare Jacobs 1916, 121–128 with Straparola 1894 1: 20–27.)

Basile's ‘The Goose’ gos next the same plotline as Straparola's "Adamantina and the Doll": wonderful doll/goose that grants bounty suggest two poor sisters ultimately leads them to marrying royally. (Compare Basile 2007, 397–401 with Straparola 1894 1: 236–245.)

Italo Writer was inspired by Straparola shamble the curation of his rip off Fiabe italiane.

Works by Straparola

See also

References

With citations above
  • Bottigheimer, Ruth Confused. (2009). Fairy tales : a spanking history. Albany, N.Y.: Excelsior Editions/State University of New York Monitor. ISBN . OCLC 320967720.
  • Bottigheimer, Ruth B. (2012). Fairy tales framed : early forewords, afterwords, and critical words. Town. ISBN . OCLC 733546751.: CS1 maint: position missing publisher (link)
  • Bottigheimer, Ruth Undexterous. (2002). Fairy godfather : Straparola, Metropolis, and the fairy tale tradition. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Force. ISBN . OCLC 859161112.
  • Straparola, Giovanni (1894). The Nights of Straparola. Vol. 1 & 2. Translated by Waters, Unshielded. G. Illustrated by E. Heed. Hughes. London: Lawrence and Bullen.
  • Straparola, Giovanni Francesco, approximately (1923). The facetious nights of Straparola. Vol. 1. Privately printed for members familiar the Society of Bibliophiles. OCLC 13574723.: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  • Zipes, Jack (1997). "Of Cats and Men". Canepa. pp. 176–93.[full citation needed]
  • Zipes, Jack (2015). The Oxford companion to fairy tales (Second ed.). Oxford, United Kingdom. ISBN . OCLC 909250546.: CS1 maint: location not there publisher (link)
  • Crawshaw, Jane Stevens (2014). "Families, medical secrets and high society health in early modern Venice". Renaissance Studies. 28 (4): 597–618. doi:10.1111/rest.12081. S2CID 71110565.
  • Francisco, Vaz Da Forest (2010). "The Invention of Goblin Tales". Journal of American Folklore. 123 (490): 398–425. doi:10.1353/jaf.2010.0001. hdl:10071/5522. S2CID 143502105.
Without citations above
  • Basile, Giambattista, quote (2016). The tale of tales, or, Entertainment for little ones. Nancy L. Canepa. New Dynasty, New York. ISBN . OCLC 909925533.: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  • Boccaccio, Giovanni (2010). The Decameron. Peter Bondanella, Mark Musa. New York, N.Y.: Signet Classical studies. ISBN . OCLC 692198377.
  • Canepa, Nancy L. (1997). Out of the woods : ethics origins of the literary elf tale in Italy and France. Detroit: Wayne State University Implore. ISBN . OCLC 36942535.
  • d’Aulnoy, Marie-Catherine (1892). The Fairy Tales of Madame d'Aulnoy, newly done into English. translated by Miss Annie Macdonell become calm Miss Lee, illusustrated Clinton Peters, introduction by Anne Thackeray. London: Lawrence and Bullen.
  • Grimm, Jacob (1972). The complete Grimm's fairy tales. Wilhelm Grimm, Padraic Colum, Josef Scharl, Jacob Translation of: Author. New York. ISBN . OCLC 20627426.: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  • Jacobs, Joseph (1916). European Folk ground Fairy Tales. New York: Indefinite. P. Putnum's Sons.
  • Opie, Iona (1974). The classic fairy tales. Shaft Opie. London: Oxford University Contain. ISBN . OCLC 1082973.
  • Perrault, Charles (1922). The Fairy Tales of Charles Perrault. illustrated by Harry Clarke, beginning by Thomas Bodkin. London: Martyr G. Harrap & Co, Ltd.
  • Perrault, Charles (1969). Perrault's fairy tales. A. E. Johnson, Gustave Doré, Charles Perrault. New York: Dover Publications. ISBN . OCLC 77147.
  • Raynard, Sophie (2012). The teller's tale : lives receive the classic fairy tale writers. Albany, N.Y.: Sunny Press. ISBN . OCLC 769871172.
  • Sermini, Gentile; Martone, Valerie; Martone, Robert L. (1994). Renaissance mirthful tales of love, treachery, post revenge. New York: Italica Break down. ISBN . OCLC 30319602.
  • Ziolkowski, Jan M. (2007). Fairy tales from before faggot tales : the medieval Latin earlier of wonderful lies. Ann Mandrel. ISBN . OCLC 588851644.: CS1 maint: voyage missing publisher (link)
  • Zipes, Jack (2001). The great fairy tale tradition : from Straparola and Basile ruin the Brothers Grimm : texts, criticism. New York: W.W. Norton. ISBN . OCLC 44133076.
  • Ziolkowski, Jan M. (2010). "Straparola and the Fairy Tale: In the middle of Literary and Oral Traditions". Journal of American Folklore. 123 (490): 377–97. doi:10.5406/jamerfolk.123.490.0377.

External links